Bill Field is a Professor in Agricultural and Biological Engineering at Purdue University. Bill received his B.S. from the State University College at Buffalo, New York, and his M.A. and Ed.D from the University of Minnesota. He began as extension safety specialist and assistant professor in Agricultural Engineering at Purdue in 1977. Bill provides leadership for both the department and Purdue University's agricultural health and safety program which includes teaching, research and extension education components. He also supervises the Breaking New Ground Outreach Program which provides assistance to farmers with physical handicaps.

Among his many honors, Bill received the first Hoosier Safety Council Award presented in 1987, the USDA Superior Service Award in 1989, the Eric G. Sharvelle Distinguished Extension Specialist Award for services to the people of rural Indiana in 1989. He also received the Distinguished Service Award from the American Agricultural Editor's Association for his contributions to the field of agricultural safety and health education. In 2002, he received the Sagamore of the Wabash from Indiana's Governor for services to rural residents of the state. In 2004 he was the recipient of the M.L. King Spirit of Justice Award for his work with farm families impacted by disability.

Roger Tormoehlen is a Professor in the Youth Development and Agricultural Education Department with a courtesy appointment in the Department of Agricultural and Biological Engineering. Dr. Tormoehlen received his B.S. and M.S in Agricultural Education from Purdue University and his Ph.D in Agricultural Health and Safety from Purdue University. Dr. Tormoehlen provides leadership to the engineering-related projects in the Indiana 4-H program. Specific subject matter areas include: aerospace, bicycle, computers, electricity and electronics, lawn and garden tractors and equipment, agricultural tractors and equipment and woodworking. In addition to the engineering areas, Dr. Tormoehlen provides guidance to the 4-H Perfect Fit program, an effort to involve youth with a disability.

Dr. Tormoehlen's current research interest is in the use of computer-aided instruction/multimedia programs as an educational tool in non-formal educational settings such as 4-H. Several multimedia programs, including ones on tractor and equipment safety ATV safety, electrical wiring and disaster education have been developed.

Dr. Tormoehlen received the National Safety Council's Award of Honor in 1991, the Professional Skills Award from the Agricultural Communicators in Education in 1992, six Blue Ribbon Awards from the American Society of Agricultural Engineers (1983, 1993, 1995,1996, 1997, and 1998), First Place in the National Safety Council's Safety Research Project in 1993, and the National Safety Council's Distinguished Service to Safety Award in 2002.

Paul Jones is manager of the Breaking New Ground Resource Center at Purdue University. His areas of focus include farming with a disability, caregiver issues, and farm safety among Old Order Anabaptist groups, such as the Amish. He has written, edited, or designed more than 20 publications, newsletter editions, and brochures, and he coordinated the development of www.ruralcare.info, a web site designed for rural caregivers. Paul is a member of ADA Indiana-the Indiana ADA Steering Committee, and currently serves as its chair.

Mr. Swain joined the Breaking New Ground Outreach Program as the Rural Rehabilitation Specialist and Outreach Coordinator in August 2000 and the Purdue University Extension New Ventures Team in January 2004. Mr. Swain has conducted disability, accessibility assessments of farms, homes, and businesses, and assisted potential entrepreneurs for Indiana Vocational Rehabilitation Services. Other accessibility assessments conducted include rural counties of Indiana, rural churches, Purdue University Cooperative Extension offices, county fairgrounds, and rural businesses. Mr. Swain is certified as an Assistive Technology Practitioner by the Rehabilitation Engineering and Assistive Technology Society of North America. Before joining Breaking New Ground, Mr. Swain was employed in production agriculture, livestock feed sales, and commercial manufacturing.

Dr. Deboy joined Purdue University in 2001. He conducts research and training on agricultural safety and health issues through the Cooperative Extension Service and conducts OSHA required annual safety training for Purdue farm workers at eleven Purdue research and agricultural centers. Before joining Purdue Dr. Deboy was employed at the General Motors Research Laboratories and was self-employed in production agriculture. He also has experience as a volunteer emergency medical technician and as a handicapped access bus driver.

If you've ever purchased materials from the Breaking New Ground Resource Center, it's likely that Ed Kirkpatrick filled and shipped your order. He has also served as one of the editors for the Breaking New Ground Newsletter and many other BNG publications. Ed, who has been working with BNG for 11 years, recently celebrated his 80th birthday. Prior to joining the BNG staff, Ed served Purdue's Agricultural Communications Service as an editor for 19 years. BNG looks forward to Ed's continued, valuable assistance in the future.

Denise Heath has served as the information processing systems operator for the Breaking New Ground Resource Center for more than 25 years. She has carried out a number of responsibilities, including the design of brochures, fliers, pamphlets, newsletters and other materials; created complex documents, including technical research articles, proposals, and manuals; and served as the primary word processor and receptionist for Breaking New Gound.

Research Goals:

• Assess and complete current development of the testing process for certification of youth under the provisions of the Fair Labor Standards Act
• Establish criteria for instructors used to conduct the certification training
• Review certification program as a whole to ensure compliance of current laws and regulations
• Test pre-operational and operational components on youth in Indiana, Tennessee, and Kentucky

Statement of Problem:

The research for this project is a component of a larger project funded by the USDA HOSTA (Hazardous Occupations Safety Training for Agriculture) Program. USDA has provided grants to support training and certification efforts for youth working in agriculture and operating equipment in agricultural settings under the provisions of the Agriculture Hazard Orders (Ag HO) contained in the Fair Labor Standards Act. This legislation was designed to reduce youth-related injures in agriculture. Methods of training and certification are being researched to provide a process that will ensure that only youth with the appropriate competencies are certified to be employed in agricultural equipment operation. This process will accomplish certification in three parts: a written exam, pre-operational exam, and operational exam.

Current Activities:

The focus of this study will be on addressing the need for a consistent and validated testing strategy for the “hands-on” component of the testing process. The current research involves testing two components of the certification tool. This will involve field testing the pre-operational and operational exams. These trial exams will be administered to youth in Kentucky, Indiana, and Tennessee to (1) test the validity of the exams and (2) get feedback from students and instructors to refine these components. Current activities have involved a review of comparable certification methods for hazardous occupations, review of the methods for testing the validity of hands-on testing, identification of the core competencies to be tested and establish minimum test scores.

Research Goals:

1. Identify key indicators of success for Black farm operations.
2. Identify factors that contributed to Black youth selecting careers in agricultural production.
3. Identify elements needed to improve the image of production agriculture (farming) among students of color.
4. Document the impact success stories have had on Black youth pursuing careers in agricultural production.
5. Provide evidence that farming is a vital option to pursue as a career in Agriculture.

Statement of Problem:

There have been few studies that have explored the prevalence of Black farmers and characteristics and factors associated with those who have remained successfully engaged in agricultural production. The history of active Black farmers who have continued farming as their (primary) career has not been documented.
The prevailing thought is that Black youth, even those raised in agricultural settings are not attracted or encouraged to remain in agricultural production. There has been little research that has been conducted to identify the forces at work to prevent these youth from considering a career in agricultural production.
The lack of role models and success stories in production agriculture among Black farmers as a viable career options is a problem that needs to be address.

Current Activities:

The overall focus of this research project is to improve recruiting efforts in production agriculture and related occupations. Currently, contacts are being made with North Carolina State University A&T, and other Historical Black Institutions to review efforts to explore issues relating to southern black farmers in 8 southern states; A review of the literature is being conducted on prior research related to indicators of success for Black farm operators.
Secondly, contact with the USDA and the multicultural affairs department is being investigated for possible funding.

Research Goals:

1. Summarize the perspectives of the USDA-CSREES AgrAbility Project staff relating to dissemination of assistive technology information and related resources.
2. Summarize the perspectives of a sample of farmers with disabilities relating to how they prefer to receive assistive technology information and related resources.
3. Document the relationships between Internet use, age and educational level for farmers (with or without disabilities) and how these relationships impact strategies for assistive technology information dissemination.
4. Develop recommendations for USDA-CSREES AgrAbility Project staff concerning cost effective strategies for dissemination of assistive technology information and related resources to farmers with disabilities.

Statement of Problem:

Since the introduction of the AgrAbility, no known research has been conducted to assess various dissemination strategies used by the state and regional AgrAbility Projects from the perspectives of either the farmers with disabilities needing the information or the education/rehabilitation professionals who work with them. Because of this lack of research, unfounded assumptions have been made and conclusions drawn concerning how best to deliver the needed information potentially contributing to the use of ineffective dissemination methods, thereby wasting time and valuable limited resources.

This study reviewed various strategies being used for dissemination of information to farmers with (and without) disabilities related to farming, essentials for daily living, and other technical topics, in order to identify methods documented to be most effective. It conducted surveys in order to summarize the perspectives of the USDA-CSREES AgrAbility Project staff and farmers with disabilities, relating to dissemination of assistive technology information and related resources and explored the potential strengths and weaknesses of using the Internet for information dissemination to AgrAbility customers.

Current Activities:

Significant findings included: farmers most preferred receiving assistive technology information in “printed newsletters” (71%) and “printed publications” (72%); AgrAbility staff most preferred receiving “Internet-based publication access” (61%), “email” (60%), and “printed publications” (58%); many farmers (53%) perceived dissemination strategies were moving toward the Internet, and a large portion (38%) perceived that assistive technology information was generally more available than in the past; both farmers and AgrAbility staff tended to agree that farmers wanted to receive information in printed format; and findings suggested that neither age nor educational level were strong predictors of Internet use by farmers.

Recommendations were made to AgrAbility Project staff with regard to what strategies for dissemination of assistive technology information and related resources would be most effective, including: implementing proper management strategies for all information resources; proper planning, creation, and maintenance of web content; and avoiding the use of resources for language translation.